OS X Command

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Commands

A

Command	Beschreibung
alias •	Create an alias
alloc	List used and free memory
apropos	Search the whatis database for strings
awk	Find and Replace text within file(s)

B

Command	Beschreibung
basename	Convert a full pathname to just a filename
bash	Bourne-Again SHell
bg	Send to background •
bind	Display readline key and function bindings •
bless	Set volume bootability and startup disk options.
break	Exit from a For, While, Until or Select loop •
builtin	Execute a shell builtin •
bzip	Compress or decompress files

C

Command	Beschreibung
cal	Display a calendar
caller	Return the context of a subroutine call •
case	Conditionally perform a command •
cat	Display the contents of a file
cd	Change Directory •
chflags	Change a file or folder's flags
chgrp	Change group ownership
chmod	Change access permissions
chown	Change file owner and group
chroot	Run a command with a different root directory
cksum	Print CRC checksum and byte counts
clear	Clear terminal screen
cmp	Compare two files
comm	Compare two sorted files line by line
command	Run a command (not a function) •
complete	Edit a command completion [word/pattern/list] •
continue	Resume the next iteration of a loop •
cp	Copy one or more files to another location
cron	Daemon to execute scheduled commands
crontab #	Schedule a command to run at a later date/time
curl	Transfer data from or to a server
cut	Divide a file into several parts

D

Command	Beschreibung
date	Display or change the date & time
dc	Desk Calculator
dd	Data Dump - Convert and copy a file
declare	Declare variable & set attributes •
defaults	Set preferences, show hidden files
df	Display free disk space
diff	Display the differences between two files
diff3	Show differences among three files
dig	DNS lookup
dirname	Convert a full pathname to just a path
dirs	Display list of remembered directories •
diskutil	Disk utilities - Format, Verify, Repair
disown	Unbind a job from the current login session •
ditto	Copy files and folders
dot_clean	Remove dot-underscore files
drutil	Interact with CD/DVD burners
dscacheutil	Query or flush the Directory Service/DNS cache
dscl	Directory Service command line utility
du	Estimate file space usage

E

Command	Beschreibung
echo	Display message on screen •
ed	A line-oriented text editor (edlin)
enable	Enable and disable builtin shell commands •
env	Set environment and run a utility
eval	Evaluate several commands/arguments •
exec	Execute a command •
exit	Exit the shell •
expand	Convert tabs to spaces
expect	Programmed dialogue with interactive programs
export	Set an environment variable •
expr	Evaluate expressions

F

Command	Beschreibung
false	Do nothing, unsuccessfully
fc	Fix command (history)
fdisk	Partition table manipulator for Darwin UFS/HFS/DOS
fg	Send job to foreground •
file	Determine file type
find	Search for files that meet a desired criteria
fmt	Reformat paragraph text
fold	Wrap text to fit a specified width
for	Loop command •
fsck	Filesystem consistency check and repair
fsaclctl	Filesystem enable/disable ACL support
fs_usage	Filesystem usage (process/pathname)
ftp	Internet file transfer program

G

Command	Beschreibung
GetFileInfo	Get attributes of HFS+ files
getopt	Parse positional parameters
getopts	Parse positional parameters •
goto	Jump to label and continue execution
grep	Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
groups	Print group names a user is in
gzip	Compress or decompress files

H

Command	Beschreibung
hash	Refresh the cached/remembered location of commands •
head	Display the first lines of a file
hdiutil	Manipulate iso disk images
history	Command History •
hostname	Print or set system name

I

Command	Beschreibung
id	Print user and group names/id's
if	Conditionally perform a command •
info	Help info
install	Copy files and set attributes

J

Command	Beschreibung
jobs	List active jobs •
join	Join lines on a common field

K

Command	Beschreibung
kextfind	List kernel extensions
kickstart	Configure Apple Remote Desktop
kill	Stop a process from running

L

Command	Beschreibung
l	List files in long format (ls -l)
last	Indicate last logins of users and ttys
launchctl	Load or unload daemons/agents
ll	List files in long format, showing invisible files (ls -la)
less	Display output one screen at a time
let	Evaluate expression •
lipo	Convert a universal binary
ln	Make links between files (hard links, symbolic links)
local	Set a local (function) variable •
locate	Find files
logname	Print current login name
login	log into the computer
logout	Exit a login shell (bye) •
lpr	Print files
lprm	Remove jobs from the print queue
lpstat	Printer status information
ls	List information about file(s)
lsregister	Reset the Launch Services database
lsbom	List a bill of materials file
lsof	List open files

M

Command	Beschreibung
man	Help manual
mdfind	Spotlight search
mdutil	Manage Spotlight metadata store
mkdir	Create new folder(s)
mkfifo	Make FIFOs (named pipes)
more	Display output one screen at a time
mount	Mount a file system
mv	Move or rename files or directories

N

Command	Beschreibung
net	Manage network resources
netstat	Show network status
networksetup	Network and System Preferences
nice	Set the priority of a command
nohup	Run a command immune to hangups
ntfs.util	NTFS file system utility

O

Command	Beschreibung
onintr	Control the action of a shell interrupt
open	Open a file/folder/URL/Application
opensnoop	Snoop file opens as they occur
osacompile	Compile Applescript
osascript	Execute AppleScript

P

Command	Beschreibung
passwd	Modify a user password
paste	Merge lines of files
pbcopy	Copy data to the clipboard
pbpaste	Paste data from the Clipboard
pico	Simple text editor
ping	Test a network connection
pkgutil	Query and manipulate installed packages
plutil	Property list utility
pmset	Power Management settings
popd	Restore the previous value of the current directory •
pr	Convert text files for printing
printenv	Print environment variables
printf	Format and print data •
ps	Process status
pushd	Save and then change the current directory
pwd	Print Working Directory •

Q

Command	Beschreibung
quota	Display disk usage and limits

R

Command	Beschreibung
rcp	Copy files between machines
read	Read one line from standard input •
readonly	Mark a variable or function as read-only •
reboot	Stop and restart the system
return	Exit a function •
rev	Reverse lines of a file
rm	Remove files
rmdir	Remove folder(s)
rpm	Remote Package Manager
rsync	Remote file copy - Sync file tree (also RsyncX)

S

Command	Beschreibung
say	Convert text to audible speech
screen	Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
screencapture	Capture screen image to file or disk
sdiff	Merge two files interactively
security	Administer Keychains, keys, certificates and the Security framework
sed	Stream Editor
select	Generate a list of items •
set	Set a shell variable = value •
setfile	Set attributes of HFS+ files
shift	Shift positional parameters •
shopt	Set shell options •
shutdown	Shutdown or restart OS X
sips	Scriptable image processing system
sleep	Delay for a specified time
softwareupdate	System software update tool
sort	Sort text files
source	Execute commands from a file •
split	Split a file into fixed-size pieces
stop	Stop a job or process
su	Substitute user identity
sudo	Execute a command as another user
sum	Print a checksum for a file
suspend	Suspend execution of this shell •
sw_vers	Print Mac OS X operating system version
system_profiler	Report system configuration
systemsetup	Computer and display system settings

T

Command	Beschreibung
tail	Output the last part of files
tar	Tape ARchiver
tee	Redirect output to multiple files
test	Condition evaluation •
textutil	Manipulate text files in various formats (Doc,html,rtf)
time	Measure Program Resource Use
times	Print shell & shell process times •
top	Display process information
touch	Change file timestamps
tr	Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
trap	Execute a command when the shell receives a signal •
traceroute	Trace Route to Host
true	Do nothing, successfully
tty	Print filename of terminal on stdin
type	Describe a command •

U

Command	Beschreibung
ufs.util	Mount/unmount UFS file system
ulimit	limit the use of system-wide resources •
umask	Users file creation mask
umount	Unmount a device
unalias	Remove an alias •
uname	Print system information
unexpand	Convert spaces to tabs
uniq	Uniquify files
units	Convert units from one scale to another
unset	Remove variable or function names •
until	Loop command •
users	Print login names of users currently logged in
uuencode	Encode a binary file
uudecode	Decode a file created by uuencode
uuidgen	Generate a Unique ID (UUID/GUID)
uucp	Unix to Unix copy

V

Command	Beschreibung
vi	Text Editor

W

Command	Beschreibung
wait	Wait for a process to complete •
wc	Print byte, word, and line counts
whatis	Search the whatis database for complete words
where	Report all known instances of a command
which	Locate a program file in the user's path
while	Loop command •
who	Print all usernames currently logged on
whoami	Print the current user id and name (`id -un')
write	Send a message to another user

X

Command	Beschreibung
xargs	Execute utility - passing arguments
yes	Print a string until interrupted
!!	Run the last command again

Weblinks

ss64.com Anwendungsbeispiele für OS X commands